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k8凯发文化拼图 琴酒小历史

发布日期:2024-08-06 05:18:24来源:凯发k8国际浏览量:

  而后又被简化为单元音的Gin▷▲▪…。杜松子已长期被用作药材○=□,被带往了世界的每个角落◇▽…☆▪。英国士兵又在战争上看到这一现象■…■。

  但是琴酒的诞生并不仅仅与历史中的某一个人相关•○◆▷。相反的◇◇▽,琴酒的历史是谷物酿造技术和杜松子药物各自发展并最终相遇的创造物☆▲▷○。在西班牙王权统治时期▲★,低地国家的南部得到繁荣发展▼-,比利时对谷物的酿造技术已经得到高度发展•▲◇。1601年□◆•…▷,出于对粮食作物因为酿酒业而消耗过度的担忧▽▪,比利时政府下令禁止酒精的酿造■=。这带来的结果是▷▲◁☆●●,大量的酿酒师从弗兰德斯逃往北部的荷兰以及德国和法国-=。而在此之前•▷●…•▼,由于饱受八十年(1568-1648)战争之苦k8凯发△▷,已经有无数酿酒师逃逃离弗兰德斯•▲■▷=。这样大规模的移民使得低地国家的北部得到迅速发展▷•▷,荷兰的城市成为经济重镇△…◁。

  荷兰17世纪黄金时期的酿酒业享誉欧洲=◆•▽…▼。这个时候的荷兰东印度公司也正在繁荣壮大●□▪☆△▲,成为琴酒业里最大的客户☆=◇。东印度公司的每个船员每天都可以得到150毫升琴酒的配额●••▲,而从荷兰到-◇▼☆◇“新世界◁▼◇•”的航程需要少则9个月◁◇□◁,长则2年的时间●◇◇●=•,如此计算○★★…,则每个船员单次航行就可以消耗135到150升的琴酒★●▽•☆◇。

  并认为杜松子可以促进血液循环和治疗诸多疾病•☆▪。早期琴酒的历史发生在低地国家里…★。荷兰的酿酒师从而持续获得更多的异国香草药物◁…。

  许多的历史学家研究琴酒往往从琴酒传入英国后开始◁◁●◁,而忽略了早期在低地国家的发展□▲,但是琴酒在18世纪之后仍然在低地国家里繁荣发展▼=□▲■•。低地国家南部对酿酒业的禁令取消后★••▼▲,比利时的琴酒酿造再度繁荣▷▲◇□●,而荷兰到18世纪末◆★▷,仅仅斯希丹(Schiedam)已经拥有250家酿酒蒸馏厂▼☆▼…。

  荷兰的琴酒也许在往后无法超越比利时曾经的酿酒规模▽▪○★★,但以其优良的品质和一贯以来的风味特性•●…,一直长存于世界的酿酒业之中▪•●◇。

  琴酒从荷兰语的Jenever进入英语首字母被改变▼▪◇■△▲,使得这一彼时深受喜爱的烈酒渐渐被琴酒取代▪•。英国农民和酿酒师开始大规模地酿造以当地作物蒸馏得到的琴酒◁☆□。变成Genever○•▽▪▪,在他之前☆•□○◁=。

  比利时革命爆发后◇-,现代比利时和荷兰业已形成=■▷▼,琴酒业的规模再度扩大○○▼•★。比利时政府放低本国琴酒的税收◇-◁,出令禁止对荷兰琴酒的进口●▷☆▷,使得本国的蒸馏厂数量四年间由599座上升到1092座•▪●•。不幸的是○•□★•,进入20世纪●==●▲○,比利时的禁酒运动使得本国的琴酒酿造业一蹶不振-○-▽。琴酒(Jenever)的发展于是与荷兰这个国家结合在一起☆•。

  并在几十年间使琴酒调味得到极致的发展◇☆,我们还可以从英文中琴酒的变化得知琴酒的接受史▲△▪◁■▷。荷兰16世纪的莱顿大学教授Sylvius de Bouve发明了一种医用的烈性酒-▷,英国光荣革命之后★•■□▽,荷兰和英国士兵再一度联盟☆…□。

  加重对法国白兰地的税收…★,并把这种酒叫做琴酒(Jenever)●□□•…。在三十年战争中△=•◁☆,此外◆☆▲,从一种单一的杜松子酊剂发展为拥有无数香料和异国风琴的烈酒-△▲■。威廉坐上王位后•◇•□■★,琴酒迅速成为东印度公司的贸易商品▲◆■,

  这些药物被运送回荷兰本土的各个港口□•,于是◆▽,在欧洲瘟疫时期也被得到使用◇○▼。斯图亚特的天主教国王詹姆士二世被流放△•…▷,随着东印度公司对香料贸易航线的控制◆▷▲,琴酒就这样从战场上被带到了英国◆▼○■•,琴酒由此成为英国民众喜欢的中性烈酒◆◆◁•■。并获得英国人民的热爱◁▷▪?

  琴酒传入英国是从八十年战争时期开始的◇…△★。英国女王伊丽莎白一世曾派遣6千员士兵到低地国家支持其独立战争=★□=…▷。这些士兵发现在战争上的荷兰士兵有一个让人不解的举止▼▪◁••。荷兰士兵每每都会在上战场前小尝几口挂在皮带上的酒瓶里的佳酿▷•…▽•,然后奋勇上战◁▷▲,这被英国人称为▷•◆■“荷兰人的胆量▲★●…▷。▼○”

  而后政府取消了王室对伦敦及其周遭地区酿酒业的垄断▪□◆☆▪□,荷兰奥兰治家族的威廉被议会邀请成为英国的国王◆=●★•。Sylvius在从谷物酿造和蒸馏出的烈酒基底里加入了杜松子油以调味▷★●★,多年后k8凯发…■▽•●。




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